Yoga Theory

UNIT 1 Therapeutic Approch of Yoga Therapy in Classical Yogic Texts

1. BhagavadGita as a Therapy
   1. Definitions of Yoga in Bhagavadgita and their relevance in Yoga
   2. Concept of Samkhya Yoga in Bhagavadgita ,Significance of Bhagavadgita as a synthesis of Yoga, Concept of SthitaPrajna, stages and characteristic of it.
   3. Concept of Atman (Purusha) and Jivatman in Concept of Paramatman (Parmeshwar or Purushottam) as described in Bhagavadgita
   4. Concept of world (Jagat, Samsar) as described in
   5. Concept of Bhagavadgita in various mental disorders like depression, anxiety etc
   6. Significance of Yogasadhana- Karma Yoga, jnana Yoga, Dhyana Yoga and Bhakti Yoga in Bhagavadgita.
   7. Concept and classification of Ahara and and its role in AdhyatmaSadhana as described in Bhagavadgita.
   8. Concept of Triguna in the context of Bhagavadgita, Importance of Bhagavadgita in day to day life.
2. Ashtang Yoga as a Therapy
   1. Personal and Social Discipline through five Yamas ( don’ts) and five Niyama (do’s).
   2. Significance of Yogasana & Pranayama ; Mastery over mind through pratyahara; Concentration, creative skills and clear thinking; Creativity; through Pratyahara, Dharana, ChittaVrittiNirodha, Chittaprasadanam; mastery over emotions to prevent, anger, fear, through IshwaraPranidhana (Surrenderance to the supreme).
   3. Kriya-Yoga and its benefits; classification of klesha and methods to control kleshas, karmasaya; Concept of Heyaswarupa, Heyahetu, Drsya and Drasta. Sama Yoga-Nature & cause, Hanaswarupa, Hanopaya.
   4. Applications and Understanding of Patanjali Yoga & Personality Development. Yoga – Meaning, Definition, Aim, Objects, Concepts, Misconceptions. The nature of seer in pure state, Vrttis – Nature, classification, definition, method to control of cittavrttis; Ishwarapranidhana– a means to attain Samadhi, Definition & quality of Ishwara, Chittavikshepa, Chittaprasadana and its associates.
   5. Samyama on – Maitri, Surya, Chandra, Nabhichakra, Kanthakupa, Kaurmanadi, Murdhajyothi, Pratibha, Hrdaya, Swartha, Udana, Samana, and their benefits.
   6. Spiritual Level: Kriya-yoga and its benefits; classification of klesha and methods to control kleshas
3. Hatha Yoga as a Therapy
   1. Therapeutic approaches of Hatha Yoga Practices given in different Hatha Yoga Texts (Hathapradipika, Gheranda Samhita, Shiva Samhita and Vasistha Samhita): – their relevance for achieving positive Health and implementation in various common disorders; Application and importance of shatkarma, Asana, Pranayama, Mudra and Bandha and
   2. Greatness of Hathayoga, Hathayogiparampara, Importance of Hatha and its secrecy.Place of Hathayoga practice, Destructives (BadhakTattva) and constructive (SadhakTattva) of Hathyoga, Yama and Niyama.
   3. Asana- techniques, benefits and precautions. Mitahara, Pathya and Apathya,Pranayama (Kumbhalas) – Techniques, Benefits and Precautions of Pranayama, Nadishuddi, Duration and time for Pranayama practice, gradation of Pranayama.
   4. Satkriyas, Gajakarani, Hathayogasiddhilakshanam, Kundalini as base for all Results of Kundalini Prabodhana, Synonyms for Sushumna,
   5. Mudras and Bandhas-Techniques, benefits and precautions of Kandaswarupa. Methods of Samadhi Practice, Synonyms for Samadhi, Rajayoga, Relationship between Hatha Pradipika and Rajayoga, Shambhavimudra, Unmani, Manonmani Nada and Nadanusandhana, Four stages of Nadanusandhan.
4. Yoga Vashishtha
   1. Concept of Yoga: Introduction and Highlights of Yoga Vasishtha, Definitions of Yoga and their relevance in Yoga
   2. Concept of Mind: World is the projection of Mind; Manah Prashamanahupayah Yoga: Mind control through abhyasa (practice) and vairagya (detachment).
   3. Concept of Jnana: Jnana Saptabhumika, importance of knowledge and types of knowledge, Management of Mind and emotions-enhancing the power of discrimination (Viveka).
   4. Prana and Pranayama: Control of breathing; the story of Kakabhushanda, Understanding of the Concept of Adhi and Vyadhi; concept of Prana&
   5. Concept of Samadhi and Moksha: Good Association; Self Enquiry; Development of Satvaguna (Good virtues), Eight Limbs of Meditation.

UNIT 2 Principals of Yoga Therapy

1. Concept of Health in Indian Systems of Medicine e. Ayurveda, Naturopathy and Siddha Systems of Medicine, Utility and Limitations of these systems in health concept of Yoga;
2. Yogic Concept of Health: Meaning and definitions, Concept of Adhi and Vyadhi, role of Yoga in preventive health care – Heyamdukhamanagatam Tapatrayas and Kleshas,
3. Concepts of Trigunas, Pancha-mahabhutas, Pancha-prana , Pancha
4. Role of Yogic Positive Attitudes (Maitri, Karuna, Mudita and Upeksha) for Healthy Living, Concept of Bhavas and Bhavanas with its relevance in Health and well-being
5. Concept of Aahara, Vihara, Aachara and Vichara
6. Role of Shuddhi Prakriyas in preventive -Health, Karma Shuddhi (Yama, Niyama), Ghata Shuddhi (Shat-karma), Snayu Shuddhi (Asana), Prana Shuddhi (Pranayama), Indriya and Mano Shuddhi (Pratyahara), Mana, Buddhi, Ahamkar and Chitta Shuddhi (Dharana, Dhyana and Samadhi).

UNIT 3 Anatomy, Physiology and Psychology Foundations

1. MusculoSkeletal system :- Classification and function of bone and joints, types of muscles, structural organization of different type of muscles, knowledge of Neuro-muscular junction, Nerve –Muscle physiology, Mechanism of action potential, Electromyogram and muscle endurance, concept of haemostasis, Mechanisms to maintain milieu environment. Positive and Negative Feedback mechanism.
2. Digestive system:- Anatomy and Physiology of digestive tract , Functions of each part of digestive tract, Functions of gastric juice secretion, glands and hormones involved in digestive Mechanism of absorption of different Biomolecules in digestive tract.
3. Respiratory and Cardiovascular system :- Anatomy and Physiology of respiratory and cardiovascular system, Mechanism of breathing process; Exchange and transport of respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide). Lung function test, Ventilation, Regulation of respiration. Mechanism of cardiac cycle, Electrocardiography. Vector, Arrhythmia, Electrolyte concentration change in
4. Nervous system and Special Senses:- Classification of Nervous System, Anatomy and Physiology of central nervous system; Peripheral nervous system: Autonomic nervous system-Sympathetic and Para sympathetic nervous system, Somatic nervous system; Special senses- Structure and function of eye, ear, nose, tongue and skin.
5. Excretory and Reproductive system:- Anatomical Structure and Physiology of Kidney, Functions of different organs of excretory system, Urine formation, Concentration of Urine, Acidification of Urine, Micturition, Role of other organs on excretion in humans. Acid-base balance, Structure and function of male and female reproductive organs, Menstrual Ovulation, Menopause, Gametogenesis, Fertilization, Pregnancy, Infertility.
6. Human Psychology:- Definition of psychology, mental health, mood, cognition, behaviour, and personality, knowledge of commonly occurring mental health conditions, role of psychological counselling in various mental health related problems. Concept of conflict and frustration. General effects of Yogic practices for mental

UNIT 4 Yogic Concept for Management of Diseases

1. Musculo-Skeletal Disorders:- Back Pain (Lumbago, sciatica, disc herniation; Intervertebral disc prolapse (IVDP), Arthistis, Lumbo sacral strain), Neck pain (Cervical Spondylosis); Yoga practice module for Musculo skeletal disorders: Precautions and Contra- indications of Yogic practices.
2. Respiratory Disorders-:- -Bronchial Asthma, Bronchitis, Emphysema, Allergic Rhinitis, Sleep apnea, Sinusitis. Yoga practice module for Respiratory disorders, Precautions and Contra- indications of Yogic practices.
3. Cardiovascular Disorders:- Hypertension, Atherosclerosis / Coronary artery disease, Ischemic Heart disease – Angina pectoris / Myocardial. Yoga practice module for Cardiovascular disorders, Precautions and Contra- indications of Yogic practices.
4. Gastro intestinal and Excretory Disorders :- Dyspepsia, Hyperacidity, Peptic Ulcers, Constipation, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Renal stones and haemorrhoids. Yoga practice module for Gastro intestinal and Excretory system; Precautions and Contra-indications of Yogic practices.
5. Neurological Disorders:- Migraine, Headaches, Cerebro vascular accidents, Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease. Yoga practice module for Neurological Disorders; Precautions and Contra- indications of Yogic practices.
6. Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders: -Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Disorders, Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Yoga practice module for Endocrine &Metabolic disorders; Precautions and Contra-indications of Yogic
7. Obstetric & Gynaecological Disorders: Menstrual Disorder (menstrual cramp, dysmenorrhea, pre-menstrual syndrome), Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS/PCOD), Pre-eclampsia or pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), Menopausal discomfort (anxiety, irritability, insomnia, hot flashes.) Yoga practice module for Obstetric & Gynaecological disorders; Precautions and Contra-indications of Yogic practices.
8. Psychological and Psychiatric Disorder:-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Stress, insomnia, Depression, Anxiety, Mental retardation, Schizophrenia, Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance abuse. Yoga practice module for Obstetric & Gynaecological disorders; Precautions and Contra-indications of Yogic practices.

Yoga Practical

UNIT 5 Demonstration Skills

1. Introduction to Hymns and Mantras:-
   1. Concept and Brief introduction to Pranav and hymns
   2. Recitation of Pranav and Soham japa
   3. Recitation of Pratah-smaran, Dhyana mantra, Pranayama Mantra, Asana Mantra, Shanti Mantras.
   4. Recitation of Selected Slokas of Hathayoga Texts
   5. Recitation of Selected Sutras of Patanjala Yoga Sutra
   6. Recitation of Selected Slokas of Bhagwadgita
2. Shatkarma, Bandha and Mudra
   1. Demonstrating ability of preforming shatkarma(Cleansing Process) Vamandhauti, Neti (Sutra and Jala), Kapalbhati, Agnisara,
   2. Jalandhara bandha, Uddiyana bandha Mulbandha and Mahabandha
   3. Mahamudra, Bhairavi mudra,Yoni mudra, Shambhavi mudra and shandmukhi mudra.
   4. Demonstrating ability of preforming shatkarma(Cleansing Process)Laghoo and Poornasankhaprakshalana, Vastradhauti, Dandadhauti, Nauli.
3. Sukshmavyayama, Sthulavyayama and SuryaNamaskar
   1. Ucharan-sthal-tathtavishudhichakrashudhi
   2. Budhitathadritishakivikasaka
   3. Medhashaktivikasaka
   4. Kapolshaktivikasaka
   5. Grivashakti vikasak
   6. Vakshasthalshaktivikasaka (i and ii)
   7. Katishaktivikasaka (i,ii,iv,v)
   8. Janghaskativikasaka (i,ii)
   9. Pindalishkativikasaka
   10. Hridgati and sarvangpushti
   11. Yogic Surya Namaskar of BSY, Swami Dhirendra Brahmachari and its Variations
4.  Yogasana
   1. Knowledge of the five spinal movements – inverted, forward, backward, lateral twist and lateral bend and neutral positions of the
   2. Veerbhadrasana and its variations, Garudasana, Natrajasana, Parivrittatrikonasana,Parshakonasana,Tittibhasana
   3. Paschimottanasana, Suptavajrasana,Vakrasana, Akarnadhanurasana,Gomukhasna. Suptavajrasana,Marichyasana,Ardhamatsyendrasana,
   4. Makarasana,Bhujangasana, Salabhasana, Dhanurasana Poornadhanurasana, Urdhvamukhosvanasana Uttanapadasana,Halasana, Chakrasana, Matsyasana, Shavasana, Setubandhasana, Sarvangasana, Chakrasana
   5. Ekpadkaandrasna,Trivikaramasana, Sirshasna and its
5.  Pranayama
   1. Knowledge and Demonstrated ability to perform Breath awareness Pratyahar, Dharana and dhyana
   2. Sectional breathing,
   3. Anuloma Viloma Pranayama
   4. Nadishodhana Pranayam
   5. SuryaBhedi and Chandrabhedi Pranayama
   6. Ujjayi pranayama and Bhastrika pranayama
   7. Seetali Pranayama and Sitali Pranayama
6. Practices leading to Meditation:- Knowledge and Demonstrated ability to perform following practices:-
   1. Antarmaun
   2. Ajapa japa
   3. Yoga Nidra
   4. Dharna
   5. Vipasana and prekshadhyana
   6. Allied practices likeJapa Mala, Yoga Nidra and Om meditation

UNIT 6 Assessment Skills

1. Clinical Assessment
   1. Measurement of Weight, stature, height, Body Mass Index, Body Surface Area
   2. Shoulder height, elbow height, circumference measurement for neck, mid upper arm circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip ratio.
   3. Heart rate, blood pressure, Respiratory rate, Measurement of strength and flexibilty of muscle
2.  Biomechanics
   1. Analysis of COG, LOG, BOS in Asana (in Sitting, standing, lying, balancing Posture)
   2. Analysis of Biomechanics of Postural